Behavioral Biases in Investment Decisions Simulation

Behavioral biases simulation where students test themselves

The Finsimco Behavioral Biases Simulation asks each student forty questions that are arithmetically identical in pairs, then shows them their own answers and fits the curve those answers produced.

  • About 3 hours, single-player
  • Prospect theory, framing, process design
  • In-class, online or hybrid delivery

At a glance

Duration

About 3 hours

You set every stage timing from the professor panel, so it fits one block or splits across two sessions.

Format

Single-player simulation

Each student holds the choice, measurement and design roles in turn and submits one committee process.

Level

Undergraduate to MBA

Adjustable: twenty bets with simple framing, up to forty bets, a moved reference point and an ambiguity test.

Professor tools

Timeline and session controls

Manage students, adjust stage timings, control progression and monitor individual inputs.

Prerequisites

Probability

Students need to be comfortable with probabilities. Prospect theory and framing are taught inside.

Delivery

In class, online or hybrid

The web-based simulation supports in-person, remote, blended and homework-supported delivery.

Assessment

Optional, per student

Every submission is individual, so the forty answers, the committee design and the review answers export per student.

Course fit

Fits behavioural and investment modules

Designed for Behavioural Finance, Investments, Decision Science and Managerial Economics courses.

Concepts covered

The topics a behavioral biases in investment decisions module has to cover: prospect theory and the value function, loss aversion and its coefficient, framing effects, reference points and how they move, probability weighting and designing a process that constrains a bias.

The prospect theory value function, which is the figure behind most of what investors actually do. Gains and losses run along the horizontal axis, measured from where the investor started rather than from any absolute level of wealth, and the value they place on each runs up the vertical. The curve is concave in gains, so the second thousand dollars feels like less than the first. It is convex in losses, so a second thousand lost hurts less than the first, which is why people double down. The two halves are not symmetric: the loss side is steeper by a factor of about two, so losing a thousand dollars feels roughly twice as bad as gaining one feels good. The kink at the origin is the reference point, and moving it changes every decision made afterwards without changing a single fact. The lower panel is the probability weighting curve: small probabilities are overweighted, which is what sells lottery tickets and catastrophe insurance, and large ones are underweighted.

The prospect theory value function. Gains and losses are measured from a reference point rather than from any absolute level of wealth, and the value placed on them runs up the side. The curve is concave in gains, so the second thousand feels like less than the first, and convex in losses, which is why people double down. The loss side is about twice as steep, so losing a thousand dollars feels roughly twice as bad as gaining one feels good. Beside it is the probability weighting curve: small chances overweighted, large ones underweighted.

Learning outcomes

Written to drop into your module descriptor without rewriting. On completing the simulation, your students will be able to:

  • Describe the prospect theory value function and its two asymmetries.
  • Estimate a loss aversion coefficient from a set of binary choices.
  • Explain why framing the same choice as a gain or a loss changes the answer.
  • Explain how overweighting small probabilities sells both lottery tickets and insurance.
  • Distinguish loss aversion from risk aversion and predict different behaviour from each.
  • Design a decision process that constrains a known bias rather than warning about it.

What students do

Each student answers alone, holding the choice, measurement and design roles in turn. All three want something different from the same forty answers, and only one process design is submitted.

Behavioral Biases in Investment Decisions Simulation gameflow, five stages. Stage 1 Briefing, Role setup, 15 min: Watch intro video, Review the instructions, One student holds all three roles, Review role, goals, and success criteria. Materials: briefing docs, instructions, role cards. Stage 2 Forty Bets, Answering at speed, 45 min: the choice role read the bet, answer quickly, move on; the measurement role record the pair, note the framing, keep the timing; the design role watch for a pattern, resist the theory, stay honest. Materials: bet sequence, timer, answer log, tool tips. Stage 3 Your Parameters, What the answers say, 55 min: the choice role see the pairs, compare your answers, read the reversals; the measurement role fit the value function, fit the weighting, report the coefficient; the design role name the bias, design the control, test it backwards. Materials: fitted curves, pair comparison, cohort spread, live scores. Stage 4 The Assessment, Judge the design, 35 min: show the parameters, explain the reversals, answer on the design, submit the review. Materials: review questions, process design, outcome report, review pack. Stage 5 Debriefing, Results and feedback, No limit: review your curves, compare the coefficients, review the design, reflect on feedback. Materials: winners, completion summary. Total duration about 3 hours.

The gameflow every student sees before they start. The three roles come into play across the bets and the fitting; briefing, the assessment and the debrief are worked as a single view. Materials arrive stage by stage: instructions and role cards at briefing, then the bet sequence and answer log, then the fitted curves, pair comparison and cohort spread.

Choice

Students work through forty paired bets at speed, because the effect disappears if there is enough time to notice the pairs are the same.

Measurement

Students fit a value function and a weighting function to their own answers, which turns a lecture topic into a personal coefficient.

Design

Students build a committee procedure that would have produced a different answer from the one they just gave.

How it works

Five stages. Students answer forty bets, have their own parameters fitted and design a process against them.

  1. 1

    Stage 1 · 15 min

    Briefing Docs · Instructions · Role Cards

    Briefing

    Students watch the intro video, review a short set of instructions that deliberately does not say what is being measured, and take on all three roles, checking the timing and the success criteria before the first question appears.

  2. 2

    Stage 2 · 45 min

    Bet Sequence · Timer · Answer Log · Tool Tips

    Forty Bets

    Forty bets run under a timer. Twenty pairs are arithmetically identical and differently framed, some from a gain position and some from a loss, some with small probabilities and some with large, and the timing is deliberately tight enough that the pairs are not spotted.

  3. 3

    Stage 3 · 55 min

    Fitted Curves · Pair Comparison · Cohort Spread · Live Scores

    Your Parameters

    The answers are fitted. The student's own loss aversion coefficient and probability weighting curve are estimated, the reversals between identical pairs are listed, and the student then designs a committee process intended to produce the answer their own data says they would not have given.

  4. 4

    Stage 4 · 35 min

    Review Questions · Process Design · Outcome Report · Review Pack

    The Assessment

    The design is assessed. Students are asked what their loss aversion coefficient was, which pair they reversed most sharply, whether their committee process would have changed any of their own answers, and what it would cost in time to run.

  5. 5

    Stage 5 · No limit

    Winners · Completion Summary

    Debriefing

    Students review their own fitted curves, compare coefficients across the cohort, revisit the reversals that separated them and reflect on the feedback. Winners and the completion summary give you a structure for the discussion.

What the experience looks like

The student interface carries the bets, the fitted curves and the design. The professor panel carries the timeline, the controls and every individual coefficient.

Bets

Students answer under a timer, with the two options and their probabilities side by side, and the paired question deliberately placed several items away.

Parameters

The reversal list is the one that lands. Eleven of twenty pairs were answered differently, and the pairs were arithmetically identical.

Professor Controls

Your view. Adjust any stage timing, start or stop the session, and compare the coefficients across the cohort before the theory is introduced.

See how this simulation fits your module

Explore the student and professor experience, and discuss timing, setup and syllabus fit.

Where it fits your syllabus

It works best as the session that produces the data the lecture then explains.

Teach before it

Comfort with probabilities. Prospect theory, loss aversion and probability weighting are explained after the answers are collected.

Where it sits

Early module, typically weeks one to four, before prospect theory is formally taught.

What it sets up

Market anomalies, investor behaviour, nudges and choice architecture, adviser conduct, and any assessment asking students to apply behavioural theory.

The behavioural biases course guide sets out where it sits in a full module.

What students get wrong

The three mistakes students make on this case, and what each one gives you in the debrief. Our simulations are designed around them: read the learning science behind it.

1

They answer the way theory says to

A student who recognises the pair answers consistently and learns nothing. The timing exists to prevent this, and the cohorts that take the bets slowly produce flat curves and a disappointing session.

2

They treat loss aversion as risk aversion

A loss-averse person takes more risk when behind and less when ahead, which is the opposite of what a risk-averse person does. Students use the two words interchangeably until their own answers separate them.

3

They design a warning, not a control

Telling a committee about loss aversion changes nothing, as the literature is very clear about. A control is a procedure that produces a different answer, such as requiring every position to be re-argued from a zero reference point.

How to debrief it

The debrief runs itself. Every student sees their results, the cohort comparison and the decisions that produced them, with nothing for you to prepare. If you would rather lead the discussion, these questions work straight from a slide, and they use what your cohort actually did.

  • What was your loss aversion coefficient?
  • Which pair did you reverse most sharply?
  • Would your committee process have changed any of your own answers?
  • Whose coefficient was closest to one, and did they notice the pairs?
  • What would your process cost in time to run every month?

Assess the process design, not the coefficient

Assessment is optional. Run the simulation ungraded as an applied activity, or use platform data as supporting evidence. Every student generates forty answers, fitted parameters, a committee process design and written rationales. Because the simulation is single-player, every input belongs to one named student, so there is no group-work marking to untangle. All of it exports as CSV or PDF, per student, so you can assess reasoning rather than a result.

What professors can assess

  • Whether the design names a specific bias and the mechanism that would constrain it
  • Whether the proposed process is testable against the student's own answers

How to interpret the score

  • A coefficient near one usually means the pairs were spotted, not that the bias is absent
  • Use the leaderboard for cohort comparison, not for grading

On generative AI: written rationales are exactly what marking teams now worry about. Because every answer here is recorded inside the platform under a timer and before any theory is introduced, the data behind the reasoning is the student's own.

Low risk to try with a class

Students rate it

93% of students rate Finsimco simulations Excellent, across more than 30,000 responses.

You are not on your own

Teaching notes, a setup and facilitation guide and a gameflow diagram come with it, and we support your first delivery directly.

No grading commitment

Run it ungraded the first time. Assessment is optional and can be added once you have seen how your cohort responds.

A bad session is recoverable

Pause or stop at any point and resume later without losing submitted data, so an overrun costs you a timetable slot, not the activity.

What AACSB and AMBA say about simulations

Ron Tuninga, Managing Director for EMEA at AACSB, and Victor Hedenberg, Membership Director at AMBA, on why simulation-based learning belongs in business education. Watch both interviews.

FAQs

Get the course fit sheet

A one-page summary of this simulation, covering stages and timings, roles, concepts, learning outcomes and the debrief questions, plus a full sample teaching pack from one of our live simulations, so you can see exactly what you would be running.

Book a Demo

During the call, we can:

  • Show the student and professor experience
  • Discuss format, timing and syllabus fit
  • Walk through setup, live delivery and optional assessment evidence
  • Answer questions from your module team